Measured Submersion Times in Underwater Hockey Are Inconsistent With Its Classification as an Extreme Apneic Sport
نویسندگان
چکیده
Underwater hockey (UWH) is a sport played at the bottom of pool without use breathing devices such as scuba equipment. It has been classified an extreme apneic based on perceptions prolonged underwater submersion times during play. This study measured 2000 UWH games and compared average to estimates by players aquatics directors. The time was 11.0 seconds (SD:3.7) with range 4 27 seconds, but directors' were over 100 percent longer (22.7 seconds). While observed active drop typically lasted for 12.1 (SD: 3.7), no puck 9.3 (SD:3.0). When director player estimates, actual/observed significantly (p<0.05) lower overall times, puck. in this more closely resembled competitive swimming, breathing-controlled sport, contradicted lay press reports routine one three minutes, which implies risk hypoxic blackout. results may mitigate safety concerns about high-risk
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cureus
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2168-8184']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.41816